采用透射电镜研究Er和Yb元素对二元Al-Mg合金位错分布组态的影响.研究结果表明:二元Al-Mg合金挤压态的位错组态呈典型的"Taylor晶格"分布,但经拉伸变形至断裂后,合金中储存的高应变能可以抵消Mg原子对位错运动的阻碍作用,使部分位错发生束集而产生交滑移,最终形成胞状组织.添加Er元素不改变Al-Mg合金的位错组态,无论是经挤压还是经拉伸变形至断裂后,含Er的Al-Mg合金均具有与二元Al-Mg合金类似的位错分布组态.添加Yb元素可明显地改变Al-Mg合金的位错分布组态.即使在变形量较小的挤压态,位错也不呈准均匀的 "Taylor晶格"分布,而是表现出胞状组织的特征.当添加0.3%(质量分数)的Yb时,Al-Mg合金中形成了高密度位错墙;而当添加1.0%的Yb时,合金中形成了明显的胞状组织.Yb原子通过与Mg和Al原子形成脆性化合物,降低了Mg在基体中的固溶度,从而抑制Mg原子对位错运动的阻碍作用.
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