针对氰根离子的强亲核反应性,设计并合成了一种以吩嗪为荧光团,吲哚磺酸作为吸电子基团和识别基团的反应型化学传感器PDSI.研究表明,具有强给电子能力的吩嗪和带正电荷的拉电子吲哚双键表现出很强的分子内电荷转移(ICT),当加入氰根离子后,由于双键被破坏,吲哚基团上氮原子的正电荷被中和,吸电子能力迅速降低,750 nm处的ICT吸收带吸光度相应下降,肉眼可明显观察到溶液体系的颜色由绿色逐渐变为淡黄色,实现了对氰根离子直观的颜色响应;同时吩嗪荧光团荧光恢复,在580 nm左右表现出20倍荧光增强;此外,化合物PDSI具有良好的选择性,其它阴离子对体系的吸收和荧光没有明显影响.PDSI对氰根离子的检出限达到0.02 μmol/L,低于世界卫生组织及美国环保局规定的饮用水中氰化物含量上限0.02 ppm.
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