制备了用于放射性气溶胶取样监测的增强微孔滤膜,讨论了铸膜液配方、制膜工艺参数和添加剂对膜结构和性能的影响.实验结果表明,以PVP为致孔添加剂,以面密度较低的无纺布为支撑层,控制铸膜液浓度和成膜工艺,可得到表面收集特性好,过滤效率高的PVDF双功能层增强微孔滤膜.该增强微孔滤膜取样阻力小,流量大,强度高,配合人工核素气溶胶快速监测装置,可进行高氡浓度环境下α放射性气溶胶的实时连续监测.
An reinforced microporous membrane using to sampling and filter radioactive aerosol was investigated. The effect of the casting solution, casting technology and additives on the properties and structure of the membrane was studied. The results showed that high - performed PVDF reinforced membrane with double functional layer could be obtained when using PVP as porogenic agents, and low surface density non - woven fabric as supporting layers; as well as controlling the casting solution concentration and casting technology. This membrane was characterized by good surface collection characteristics and high filtration efficiency. And it also had low sampling resistance, large flow, and high tensile strength. The equipment for rapid detecting human- made nu-clide aerosol can monitoring the aerosol concentration rapidly and continuously in high radon environment com-bining with this membrane.
参考文献
| [1] | 赵山银,王月兴,苏福强,杨翊方,何颖,邢宏传.潜艇内放射性气溶胶浓度及粒度分布的测定与评价[J].中华航海医学与高气压医学杂志,2001(01):22-24. |
| [2] | 黄玉臣;谢杰;苏士杰 等.室内外环境氡及其子体的观测[J].中华放射医学与防护杂志,1983,3(02):50-52. |
| [3] | 李艳宾.室内氡对人体健康的影响[J].中国辐射卫生,2007(03):371-373. |
| [4] | 汪佳明;胡二邦;卢正永 .滤纸选择及其性能测定[J].辐射防护,1979,3:24-27. |
| [5] | Kordas J F;Phelps P L .Online high sensitivity measurement system for transsuranic aerosols[J].IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science,1977,24(01):670-672. |
| [6] | Minami K;Sato N;Fukuda S .A plutonium air monitor with a background compensation system[J].Health Physics,1979,37(03):383-389. |
| [7] | 黄子瀚;孔淑萍;王丽安 .国产滤材在气溶胶取样中的过滤特性测试[J].辐射防护,1988,8(02):98-107. |
| [8] | 胡玉新,王新赤,朱文凯,温阳春,黄子瀚,曾心苗,袁之伦,赵贵锁.高氡背景下人工核素气溶胶快速监测装置[J].核电子学与探测技术,2007(02):271-275. |
| [9] | 陆茵,陈欢林,李伯耿.制膜条件对PVDF膜形态结构的影响[J].功能高分子学报,2002(02):171-176. |
| [10] | 孔瑛,吴庸烈,杨金荣,彭曦,徐纪平.膜蒸馏用聚偏氟乙烯微孔膜的结构控制Ⅰ。铸膜液中溶胀剂对膜形态结构的影响[J].水处理技术,1992(01):11. |
| [11] | 武利顺,孙俊芬,王庆瑞.聚偏氟乙烯膜微孔的形成机理[J].膜科学与技术,2007(05):13-17,21. |
| [12] | 王庐岩,钱英,刘淑秀,叶晓.聚偏氟乙烯分离膜改性研究进展[J].膜科学与技术,2002(05):52-57. |
| [13] | Bottino A;Camera-Roda G;Capannelli G et al.The formation of microporous poly (vinylidene difluoride)membranes by phase separation[J].Journal of Membrane Science,1991,57:1-20. |
| [14] | Deshmukh SP.;Li K. .Effect of ethanol composition in water coagulation bath on morphology of PVDF hollow fibre membranes[J].Journal of Membrane Science,1998(1):75-85. |
| [15] | Bottino A.;Capannelli G. .Poly(vinylidene fluoride) with improved functionalization for membrane production[J].Journal of Membrane Science,2000(1):23-29. |
| [16] | Lin DJ.;Beltsios K.;Chang CL.;Cheng LP. .Fine structure and formation mechanism of particulate phase-inversion poly(vinylidene fluoride) membranes[J].Journal of Polymer Science, Part B. Polymer Physics,2003(13):1578-1588. |
| [17] | 黄金钟,宫美乐.增强型聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）微孔膜的研制[J].水处理技术,1997(01):19. |
| [18] | Uragami T;Fujimoto M;Sugihara M .Studies on syntheses and permeabilities of special polymer membranes (28) Permeation characteristics and structure of interpolymer membranes from poly(vinylidene fluoride) and poly (styrene sulfonic acid)[J].Desalination,1980,34:311-323. |
| [19] | Yin XL.;Wang X.;Yao YX.;Cheng HB. .Morphology and properties of hollow-fiber membrane made by PAN mixing with small amount of PVDF[J].Journal of Membrane Science,1998(2):179-184. |
| [20] | Mascia L.;Hashim K. .COMPATIBILIZATION OF POLY(VINYLIDENE FLUORIDE)/NYLON 6 BLENDS BY CARBOXYLIC ACID FUNCTIONALIZATION AND METAL SALTS FORMATION .1. GRAFTING REACTIONS AND MORPHOLOGY[J].Journal of Applied Polymer Science,1997(10):1911-1923. |
| [21] | Enrica Fontananova;Johannes C.Jansen;Alessandra Cristiano;Efrem Curcio;Enrico Drioli .Effect of additives in the casting solution on the formation of PVDF membranes[J].Desalination: The International Journal on the Science and Technology of Desalting and Water Purification,2006(1/3):190-197. |
| [22] | 李战胜,李恕广,江成璋.浸入凝胶法聚合物膜形成机理的研究现状[J].膜科学与技术,2002(02):29-36. |
- 下载量()
- 访问量()
- 您的评分：
-
10%
-
20%
-
30%
-
40%
-
50%