提出并设计了一套基于光纤F-P滤波器的可见波长域全光纤水汽拉曼激光雷达系统,实现对大气水汽和气溶胶的精细探测.讨论了光纤F-P腔内损耗和腔镜反射率对F-P透射谱的细度、峰值透过率以及带宽的影响,得到腔内损耗在小于3％的情况下,光纤F-P滤波器具有较高的峰值透过率(大于0.5)和较窄的谱线带宽(小于0.9 nm).通过结合光纤带通滤波器和二级级联光纤F-P滤波器的参数设计,在三个独立的光通道中分别实现水汽拉曼信号(660 nm)、氮气拉曼信号(606 nm)和米瑞利信号(532 nm)的窄带宽、高透过率严格滤波,并获得对杂散光的高抑制率.通过系统仿真,对各散射信号强度分布、水汽廓线和探测信噪比进行了数值仿真计算,验证了系统方案的可行性.
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