有色资源矿山开发利用的环境负效应之一就是重金属的污染,其重金属离子的迁移与探测是重金属污染的重要研究方向之一.采用探底雷达的分层界限探测技术、岩土取样和荧光分析技术,对湖南省湘江流域的某尾矿库重金属离子下向迁移展开系统的对比研究,系统布置探测线和取样点,分析尾矿库重金属下向迁移的规律.分层探测表明,复垦土壤与尾砂层的分界较为明显,尾砂层与下层土壤分界在探地雷达上没有反应.主要重金属污染物为砷、镉、铅,在取样的不同深度样品中砷、镉、铅浓度都显著超标,铬浓度符合标准.尾矿库内的重金属主要以下向的重力迁移为主,存在少量的上向吸附迁移.
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