采用三维针刺的碳纤维预制体,通过化学气相渗透方法制备具有一定密度的C/C复合材料,然后采用反应熔体浸渗方法进行后续致密化处理,得到高致密度的C/SiC复合材料,系统研究了材料的组织结构特征、刹车性能以及摩擦磨损机理.在纤维束内部每根C纤维单丝之间由化学气相渗透的碳充填形成致密的C/C区域,而在纤维束之间则主要由反应熔体浸渗法生成的SiC、残留Si和C组成.C/SiC复合材料具有非常优异的摩擦磨损性能,摩擦系数变化规律呈典型的马鞍状.平均摩擦系数为0.34,摩擦性能稳定,磨损率低(1.9 μm/次·面);摩擦性能几乎不受湿度的影响,湿态衰减仅为2.9%.在摩擦磨损过程中,C/SiC复合材料的表面能够形成连续稳定的摩擦面,磨损表现为典型的磨粒磨损.
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