提出一种具有局部搭接结构的树脂基碳纤维智能层,将其敷设于结构表面以检测结构受载时的变形,实现对结构大范围临测.基于该智能层,采用单轴拉伸和三点弯曲的加载方式,对构件进行应变和位移检测.实验发现,碳纤维局部搭接结构是引起力阻效应的主要因素,其单位应变的电阻率变化的灵敏度达到104,相当于非搭接连续碳纤维复合材料力阻效应灵敏度的34倍.实验结果还进一步表明,树脂基搭接碳纤维智能层力阻曲线光滑稳定,其传感极限约为8500 με.建立了树脂基搭接碳纤维复合材料的电学模型,揭示了这种力阻效应主要来源于搭接界面处层问电阻的变化,并从纤维轴向力、搭接面积和层间剪应变三个方面解释了这种层问电阻变化的机制.
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