以乙醇、甲醇及液化石油气为碳源,低碳钢及含Ni合金钢等为基板,采用火焰法成功地制备出了一维碳纳米材料,包括碳纳米管(CNTs)和一种新的"实心"碳纳米纤维(CNFs).利用场发射枪高分辨扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)和激光Raman光谱对碳纳米材料的结构进行了表征.发现基板材料决定燃烧生成物的性质,含Fe元素及其化合物的基板材料倾向于合成"实心"碳纳米纤维,而含Ni元素及其化合物的基板材料倾向于合成"空心"的碳纳米管,认为这是由于碳与Fe的亲和力比Ni大而造成的.不同碳源对一维碳纳米材料的形态也有影响,这与它们的含碳量和燃烧热等不同有关.
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