太阳能光伏发电是解决目前日益严重的能源与环境问题的一种有效手段，在最近几年里，新型钙钛矿太阳能电池得到迅猛发展，其最高光电转换效率已经达到20%，已成为可再生能源领域的研究热点之一。钙钛矿太阳能电池是以具有钙钛矿结构的有机-金属卤化物等作为核心光吸收、光电转换、光生载流子输运材料的太阳能电池，具有能量转换高和成本低的优点且其核心光电转换材料具有廉价、容易制备的特点，因此获得了学术界的特别关注。首先总结了钙钛矿太阳能电池的结构与原理，然后综述了钙钛矿太阳电池在结构和材料方面的最新研究进展，特别是无铅钙钛矿太阳能电池的一些研究，最后分析了钙钛矿太阳能电池的发展趋势及发展中亟需解决的问题。
In recent years, organic-inorganic hybrid lead-halide perovskite solar cells have got rapid progress and exhibited high photoelectric conversion efficiencies ( PCE) of up to 20%. A perovskite solar cell is a type of solar cell which includes a perovskite structured compound, most commonly an organic-inorganic hybrid lead or tin halide-based material, as the light-harvesting active layer. Perovskite materials such as the methylammonium or formamidinium lead halides are cheap to produce and simple to manufacture. Their high efficiencies and low production costs make perovskite solar cells a commercially attractive option. In this paper, the research status and latest development of perovskite solar cells are reviewed including their structures and performances, especially for Pb-free perovskite solar cells. Finally, the key technologies and core scientific problems that are needed to solve for practical application of perovskite solar cells are also elaborated.
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