为研究贵州典型喀斯特流域浅层地下水化学特征及水质状况,于2015年5月-12月对贵州普定后寨河流域进行现场调查并采集浅层地下水样品28个,测定K+、Na+、Ca2+、Mg2+、HCO3-、NO3-N、NH4+-N等20种指标,利用Duncan差异显著性检验法进行水化学特征分析,用水质质量综合评价法对水质进行评价.结果表明,浅层地下水呈微碱性,主要阴离子为HCO3-、SO42-、Cl-,主要阳离子为Ca2+、Mg2+.从季节变化来看,Cl-、SO42-、K+、TN是春季＞夏季＞秋季,在冬季时其含量升高,HCO3-是春季≈夏季＜秋季＜冬季.NO3-N是夏季＜春季＜秋季＜冬季.Na+、Mg2+是秋季和冬季较低.pH、NH4+-N是春季和秋季较低,4个季节中呈“N”型分布,可见,在喀斯特山区浅层地下水具有明显的季节变化特征.水质综合评价表明,在喀斯特山区秋、冬季节水质较春、夏季节好,总体质量较好.而从单项组分来看,部分地区有的指标已超过Ⅳ类水的限值,主要是总Fe和NH4+-N质量浓度较高影响水质.总Fe的最高质量浓度为1.2948 mg· L-1,NH4+-N的最高质量浓度为0.71 mg· L-1,这与当地人类生产生活活动有关,对浅层地下水质量具有潜在的影响.综上,研究贵州高原喀斯特流域浅层地下水化学特征及水质,可为喀斯特山区水资源的保护和管理提供科学依据.
In order to investigate the shallow groundwater quality and chemistrical characteristics in karst basin,twenty-eight shallow groundwater samples were collected from May to December in 2015 in Houzhai river basin,Puding county of Guizhou Province.Twenty indicators were determined seasonally including K+,Na+,Ca2+,Mg2+,HCO3-,NO3--N,NH4+-N,and so on.Duncan method was employed to analyze the water chemistry features,and comprehensive evaluation methods of water quality was applied to evaluate the quality of water.The results showed that the shallow groundwater was slightly alkaline.The main anions were HCO;,SO24-,and Cl-,and main cations were Ca2+ and Mg2+.Seasonal changes of Cl-,SO42-,K+,and TN followed the order of spring ＞summer＞autumn,but their contents increased during winter.The dynamics of HCO3-was in the order of spring ≈ summer ＜autumn ＜ winter,and NO;-N was summer ＜ spring ＜ autumn ＜ winter.The contents of Na+,Mg2+ were lower in autumn and winter.The contents of pH,NH4+-N were lower in spring and autumn,and presented" N" type distribution from spring to winter.Hence,shallow groundwater has strong seasonal variation in karst mountainous area.Comprehensive evaluation of water quality showed that water quality in the autumn and winter seasons were better than spring and summer,and the overall water quality was good for all seasons.However,single water quality analysis suggested that specific water indicator exceeded the limit value of Ⅳ water in some sampling sites,which was mainly attributed to the high Fe and NH4+-N concentrations.The highest concentration of Fe was 1.2948 mg·L-1,and the highest concentration of NH4+-N was 0.71 mg· L-1.These high concentrations may be related to the human activities,which has a potential impact on the quality of shallow groundwater.
参考文献
- 下载量()
- 访问量()
- 您的评分：
-
10%
-
20%
-
30%
-
40%
-
50%