通过对内蒙古达里诺尔湖冰封期湖冰与湖水进行取样，分析总磷（TP）、总溶解性固体（TDS）、Mg2＋、Ca2＋、K＋、Na＋、Cl－、SO2－4、CO2－3和HCO－3离子在冰体及水体中的分布特征及迁移过程．结果表明，在冰体和水体阳离子中，Ca2＋、Mg2＋相对贫乏，在冰体中平均浓度分别为1．37 mg·L－1和7．0 mg·L－1，水体中平均浓度分别为4．01 mg·L－1和24．53 mg·L－1， Na＋所占比例最高，冰体与水体中平均浓度均达到92％．CO32－、HCO－3和Cl－是冰体和水体中阴离子的主要组成部分，冰体中平均浓度分别为435．86、543．20、539．97 mg·L－1，水体中平均浓度分别为1773．90、2556．49、1890．08 mg·L－1．Piper图表明达里诺尔湖水化学类型以Na＋?CO2－3?Cl－?HCO－3型为主． Gibbs图显示岩石风化与蒸发浓缩作用对达里诺尔湖的离子含量影响显著．通过对TP、TDS、Mg2＋、Ca2＋和Cl－之间的关系分析可知，在水体中，Mg2＋和Ca2＋的组成随着深度的变化基本保持不变，而在冰体中呈现无规律的变化，在水中表现为基本不变；TP和Cl－在水体中没有相关性，在冰中相关性不明显．无论在水体中还是在冰体中，TP和TDS具有较好的相关性（水体：r＝0．94；冰体：r＝0．90），说明TDS可以在冰封期较好地示踪TP的迁移过程．
Dali Lake as the research object in this present work is sampled in water and ice during the icebound season. Total phosphorus (TP) ,total dissolved solids (TDS) and major ions(Mg2+, Ca2+,K+, Na+, Cl-, SO4 2-, CO2-3 and HCO-3 ) were measured and analyzed. The results showed that the concentration of Ca2+ and Mg2+ in lake water and ice cations is relatively low, which were 1.37 and 7.0 mg·L-1 in ice and 4.01 and 24.53 mg·L-1 in water, respectively.The dominated cation was Na+ and its concentration took the proportion of 92% whether in water or in ice of cations. CO2-3 , HCO-3 and Cl- were the dominated ions in ice body and water body of anions. Their average concentrations are 435. 86, 543. 20 and 539. 97 mg·L-1 in ice body and 1773. 90, 2556. 49 and 1890.08 mg·L-1 in water body, respectively. Piper figure indicated that the hydro?chemical type of the lake water quality belonged to Na+?CO2-3 ?Cl-?HCO-3 . Gibbs figure showed the ions composition was controlled by evaporation?concentration and rock weathering. By analyzing the correlations among TP,TDS,Mg2+,Ca2+ and Cl-,the compositions of Mg2+and Ca2+ in water body displayed no change with depth, but in ice body the variation was irregular. And also, there was no correlation between TP and Cl-in the water body and their correlation in the ice body was not obvious. However, TP and TDS had a stronger correlation, which r=0.94 in water and r=0.90 in ice, respectively. It indicated that TDS can trace the process of TP migration with the increase of ice thickness and water depth during the icebound season.
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