根据淮北临涣煤矿塌陷水域3个季节叶绿素a（Chl．a）及相关指标的监测数据，分析了叶绿素a含量的时空分布特征，讨论Chl．a与其他因子的相关关系．研究结果表明，临涣煤矿塌陷水域Chl．a的浓度均值特征为夏季较高21．5 mg·m－3，秋季11．8 mg·m－3，冬季10．0 mg·m－3．由于浮游植物生物量的高低、动物活动季节差异、补给水源入口、取水口位置、局部水深差异大等原因，研究水域夏季呈现西高东低、秋季四周高中间较低、冬季西高东低等空间分布差异性．相关性分析显示，Chl．a与水温、溶解氧、化学需氧量呈极显著正相关，与透明度、氨氮、硝酸盐氮、溶解性磷酸盐呈极显著负相关，与总磷显著负相关，与pH、总氮、氮磷比无显著相关关系；水温、氨氮、硝酸盐氮、总磷、溶解性磷酸盐可能是浮游植物生长的限制因子，溶解氧、化学需氧量、透明度是Chl．a的被动因子；研究水域已达到轻度富营养化水平，Chl．a浓度能够较好地反映该煤矿塌陷水域的富营养水平．
According to three seasons′ monitoring data of Chl.a and other factors in Linhuan coal mining subsidence seeper area, the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of Chl.a were analysed, and its pertinence relations with other factors were discussed. The results show that, the average Chl.a concentration of was 21.5 mg·m-3 in the summer, 11.8 mg·m-3 in the autumn and 10.0 mg·m-3 in the winter. Because of the phytoplankton biomass level, animal activities, the water entrance and exit locations, in summer and winter, the Chl.a level on the west side was higher than the east, and in autumn the level in the center was lower than the peripheral. Chl.a is significantly positively correlated with water temperature, dissolved oxygen and chemical oxygen demand, while it′s significantly negatively correlated with diaphaneity, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen and dissolved phosphate. Meanwhile, Chl.a is in negative correlation with total phosphorus, but it isn′t in conspicuous correlation with pH, total nitrogen or phosphorus?nitrogen ratio. Water temperature, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total phosphorus and dissolved phosphate could be limiting factors while dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand and diaphaneity could be passive factors for phytoplankton growth. The water quality in the study area has reached the light eutrophication level, and the Chl.a concentration could appropriately reflect eutrophication level of this coal mining subsidence seeper area.
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