材料期刊网

聚合物基的纤维增强复合材料，热固性聚合物或热塑性聚合物基体，可通过随机或者编织的纤维来提高其弯曲和抗拉强度，此类复合材料作为轻量级、结构材料正越来越多地被应用于民用和交通运输等领域，该应用领域绝大部分要求材料应该具有防火性能。但大多数热固性聚合物、热塑性聚合物及一些增强纤维存在耐燃性差的问题。聚合物基的纤维增强复合材料的防火性能可以通过一系列方法进行提高，比如向聚合物基体添加含有促成炭组分等各类阻燃剂，但是最简洁有效的方法是在复合材料表面使用防火材料涂层或者使用表面防火保护膜。文章综述了英国博尔顿大学防火材料研究团队在阻燃以及防火纤维增强复合材料方面的研究工作。本文主要关注了阻燃添加剂和涂层对纤维增强的不饱和聚酯、乙烯基树脂和环氧树脂复合材料的影响。

Fibre?reinforced composite materials in which a polymer matrix, either a thermosetting polymer or a thermo?plastic, is reinforced with random or woven fibres to improve flexural and tensile strength, are finding increasing use as light?weight, structural materials in applications ranging from domestic to transport. Most of these applications require the materials to be fire retardant, but flammability is an important issue with many thermosetting matrix resins and thermoplas?tic matrix materials, and some reinforcing fibre. The fire retardance of fibre?reinforced composite laminates may be signifi?cantly improved via a number of strategies, such as incorporating fire retardants in the matrix resin, both with and without the addition of a further char?forming component and/or char promoting additive. A more elegant solution is provided by applying a fire?retardant surface coating to the composite or a surface fire?protective layer. This article reviews recent work on fire retardation and fire protection of fibre?reinforced composites carried out in the laboratories of the Fire Materials Group at University of Bolton. This work has concentrated mainly on the effects of fire?retardant additives and coatings on the fire performance of unsaturated polyester, vinyl ester and epoxy resin composites reinforced with glass fibres.