采用超滤膜技术对染料酸性红的提纯过程进行研究.分别考察操作压力、料液流量及料液浓度对超滤膜分离行为的影响.实验过程选用截留相对分子质量分别为5000和10000的两种超滤膜,结果表明,在0.15~0.4 MPa的操作压力范围内,随着操作压力的增加,两种超滤膜的透过液通量增大,对杂质截留率增大,而对染料的截留能力略有下降;在10~30m3/s的料液流量范围内,随着料液流量的增大,截留相对分子质量5000的超滤膜透过液通量增大,杂质截留率增大,对染料的截留能力则变化不大,而截留相对分子质量为10000的超滤膜的透过液通量、杂质截留率和染料截留能力均与料液流量关系不大;在质量分数0.5%~4%的料液浓度范围内,随着料液浓度的增大,两种超滤膜的透过液通量、杂质截留率和染料截留率均下降.研究认为,对截留相对分子质量10000的超滤膜,膜孔堵塞是影响膜性能的主要因素因素;而对截留分子量5000的超滤膜,膜面产生的凝胶层则是影响其性能的主要因素.
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