研究了负载铂纳米粒子大孔炭材料的可控制备.淀粉和氯铂酸分别被用作碳源和铂源,采用两种不同的方法将铂注入基于淀粉凝胶的大孔炭.方法A:将淀粉凝胶块材浸入氯铂酸水溶液中,然后用硼氢化钠还原.方法B:在形成淀粉凝胶块材之前将氯铂酸加入前驱体中.研究发现:大孔炭的孔径和壁厚可以通过改变淀粉含量进行调节,产炭率从负载前的24%分别提高到37%(方法A)和44%(方法B),凝胶在炭化过程中的体积膨胀 也得到有效抑制.方法A得到的铂纳米粒子(平均粒径为3.5nm,粒径平均偏差为0.9 nm)比方法B制备的(平均粒径为5.5 nm,粒径平均偏差为1.8 nm)粒径更小、粒径分布更窄.
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