采用模拟探测技术研发了具有三维扫描功能的微脉冲米散射激光雷达产品,用于高密度气溶胶聚集地区的大气气溶胶光学特性及云的精确探测.详细介绍了该系统的整体结构、系统控制和数据采集处理软件.利用该系统对西安地区气溶胶及城市边界层特性进行观测研究,实验结果表明:在激光脉冲能量为50 μJ,重复率1 kHz,望远镜接收孔径为254mm,信号平均时间40 s及距离分辨率为7.5m的条件下,系统测量气溶胶的有效距离可达到白天3～5 km左右,夜晚15 km.系统可以为研究大气变化,特别是颗粒污染物的产生、传输和扩散的特性提供科学的测量数据.
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