本文就近二十年来国际上用于三维限制中性原子运动的磁囚禁原理、方案、特点及其最新发展进行了系统介绍与综述.根据构成磁阱的装置大小、磁场特征以及产生磁场方式的不同,可以将囚禁原子的各种磁阱分为宏观静磁囚禁、微观静磁囚禁和微波或交流磁囚禁三大类.最后,文章简单介绍了中性原子磁囚禁技术在玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚(BEC)和原子芯片中的最新应用.
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