采用自蔓延高温合成(SHS)、感应熔炼和熔模精铸相结合的方法,利用Ti-B-Al体系制备出了原位自生TiB增强的钛基复合材料.借助XRD、SEM和TEM分析了复合材料的物相和增强体的形态.结果表明:在复合材料中只存在TiB增强体和Ti,无TiAl3杂质相形成,TiB增强体呈柱状短纤维,这与其B27晶体结构有关,且增强体/基体界面清洁无杂质污染,并从热力学和动力学两方面论述了在Ti-B-Al体系中制备TiB增强体的生成机制:在Ti-B-Al体系中,Al首先受热熔化使得Ti和B相继溶解于Al液中;Ti与Al之间先行发生化学反应形成Ti-Al金属间化合物,放出的热量进一步引发了溶解于液相中的B和Ti产生高温自蔓延形成Ti-B化合物.以热力学理论分析,应最终形成TiB2,但实际上由于动力学影响,最终形成了TiB.
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