为了提高铜合金表面的耐磨性和抗高温氧化性,用负压铸渗工艺,在铜基表面制备了不同Al2O3含量的Ni/Al2O3复合渗层,渗层厚度0.5～2 mm.用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射和电子探针(EPMA)等方法,测定了渗层的显微结构、化学成分分布、硬度、结合强度等.结果表明:渗层包括复合渗层和过渡层,Al2O3颗粒分布均匀,渗层组织致密,界面结合良好,在Al2O3颗粒之间以及渗层与基体之间无裂纹产生;渗层主要由Ni基固溶体、Al2O3颗粒、Ni31Si12、Ni3B相组成,能显著地提高铜合金表面的硬度、强度和耐磨性.
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