采用第一原理赝势平面波方法和基于虚拟晶体势函数近似(VCA),计算了Ag合金化(浓度x＜1.0%,原子分数,下同)时完整与缺陷B2-NiAl晶体的弹性性质,并采用弹性常数C44,Cauchy压力参数(C12-C44)、弹性模量E、剪切模量G及其与体模量B0的比值G/B0等,表征和评判了Ag合金化浓度x对NiAl金属间化合物延性与硬度的影响.结果表明:无论是无缺陷的理想NiAl晶体,还是含Ni空位或Ni反位的NiAl缺陷晶体,x＜1%的Ag合金化均可使其硬度大幅提高;在0%～0.6%以及0.7%～1%区间,Ag将提高NiAl完整晶体材料的延性,并且以0.6%附近为最好;当x≤0.5%时,Ag合金化能改善Ni空位的NiAl多晶材料延性,并以x=0.32%～0.48%时,Ni空位的NiAl多晶延性的提升幅度尤为明显;而当1%＞x＞0.5%时,却可明显提高Ni反位B2-NiAl晶体的延展性,并在x=0.73%～1%区间呈现相对较好的韧化效果.上述结论归于低浓度Ag的固溶强化与高浓度Ag的富Ag相软化作用.
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