采用动电位极化曲线和Mott-Schottky分析等电化学测试手段,探讨了轧制纳米块体304不锈钢与普通304不锈钢在0.05mol/L H2SO4+0.05mol/L Na2SO4溶液中钝化膜的保护性能;运用点缺陷(PDM)模型,分析了不同电位下在0.05mol/L H2SO4+0.25mol/L Na2SO4溶液中两种材料形成钝化膜的半导体性质,阐述了导致两种钝化膜保护性能差异的根本原因.结果表明:两种材料表面钝化膜都具有n型半导体特征,氧空穴作为主要的载流子参与钝化膜的形成和溶解过程;钝化膜中载流子密度与钝化膜的形成电位之间满足幂指数关系,载流子在两种材料表面的钝化膜中的扩散系数非常接近,说明两种钝化膜遵从相似的形成和溶解机制,但轧制纳米块体304不锈钢中的载流子密度小于普通304不锈钢钝化膜中的载流子密度,从而使其钝化膜具有更好的保护性.
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