视觉是手工焊接最重要的信息获取手段,为了模拟这一过程,建立了一套脉冲熔化极气体保护焊(P-CMAW)的双面实时视觉传感系统.利用被动光源视觉传感方法,研究了P-GMAW正反面熔池成像的滤光方法、成像时间、成像机理.结果表明,利用中心波长为665 nm的窄带滤光片在脉冲基值结束期间取像,可以获取清晰的P-GMAW正面熔池图像;利用中性减光技术,可以获取清晰的反面熔池图像.分析表明,正反面成像的主要光源均来自于熔池的自身辐射,因此,成像质量可靠.针对不同的熔池图像特征,提出了相应的图像处理算法,实现了正反面熔池边界的提取.
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