为了探索工艺参数对内高压成形工艺的影响,实验研究了阶梯轴内高压成形中初始内压参数的作用,给出了初始内压的计算公式,完成了不同初始内压情况下的工艺实验,并对起皱、折叠等缺陷的产生原因进行了分析.研究结果表明:内高压成形过程中管坯是在轴向压应力和环向拉应力的共同作用下发生变形;初始内压的选取可参照公式(1)进行估算;对于本文的三台阶阶梯轴,初始内压以30 MPa为合理,当该值低于20 MPa时将发生折叠失稳,而高于40 MPa时将引起成形件的破裂.
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