为掌握激光熔覆成形壁厚的变化规律,提高成形薄壁结构能力,对激光单道熔覆成形的金属零件壁厚进行了研究,提出并验证了激光单道熔覆成形金属零件壁厚的理论模型.研究表明,在一定简化条件下,根据能量平衡和物质守恒定律,推导出较低功率、较小光斑的激光单道熔覆成形的金属零件壁厚的理论模型,该模型显示单道熔覆成形的零件壁厚是各工艺参数和材料热物理特性的函数.采用500W功率连续输出的CO2激光以较小光斑进行单道熔覆成形,实验得到了最小壁厚为0.4 mm的薄壁试样,试样壁厚与理论模型计算的壁厚比较一致.
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