在非理想条件下,研究了溶剂Shellsol D70 中2-乙基己基膦酸单(2-乙基己基)酯(P507)对硝酸溶液中钇和铕的萃取平衡,建立了平衡分配比的化学基模型.同时研究了萃取剂P507在硝酸盐溶液和稀释剂之间的分配平衡.结果表明,P507的水相溶解度很低,在有机相中大部分以二聚体形式存在;在低酸度区稀土的萃取主要按阳离子交换反应进行,在高酸度区溶剂化反应则变得明显.此外,模型还包括稀土和NO3-的络合反应、P507对HNO3的竞争萃取以及(HR)2非理想性的修正.采用非线性最小二乘法确定了萃取平衡常数.对于稀土单元体系,在初始浓度较宽范围内(稀土浓度最高至0.1mol/L,硝酸0.05mol/L～3mol/L及萃取剂0.25mol/L～1mol/L),模型能以良好精度预测实验数据;也证实了它对稀土二元体系萃取平衡预测的适用性.
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