综述了稀土在Ni/MH电池中的作用机理.贮氢合金中稀土的含量和组成改变合金的微晶结构,影响合金的吸放氢特性.镍电极中掺杂稀土添加剂一方面可以有效地提高析氧过电位,改善Ni/MH电池高温性能.另一方面稀土的掺杂使Ni(OH)2晶格发生畸变,改善材料的质子扩散性能,减少电化学反应阻抗.此外,电解液中引入稀土化合物,可增大电极表面的活性中心.阐述了稀土是改善Ni/MH电池性能的一种有效的活性材料和添加剂.
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