通过向合金中单独或联合添加微量的Sc、Zr、Ti,研究了Sc、Zr、Ti复合合金化对Al-5Mg合金微观组织、再结晶抗力及力学性能的影响.研究结果表明:合金中单独添加0.2%Sc,使合金的再结晶抗力、硬度和强度明显增加而塑性明显下降,但对合金没有晶粒细化效果.Sc、Zr复合合金化明显改善了Sc对晶粒的细化能力和再结晶抗力,合金的强度和硬度也进一步增加,但对塑性的影响不大.添加0.036%Ti进行Sc、Zr、Ti复合合金化使合金具有最佳的晶粒细化效果和再结晶抗力,但对合金的力学性能影响不大.原因在于Sc、Zr、Ti复合合金化降低了Al-Al3Sc共晶点,而且Zr、Ti可以代替部分Sc形成Al3Sc1-xZrx或Al3Sc1-xTix复合粒子,有利于凝固过程中形成与α-Al具有良好晶格匹配性的一次Al3Sc1-xZrx或Al3Sc1-xTix复合粒子及挤压和退火过程中二次复合粒子的析出.这些大量的、弥散分布的、与基体共格的粒子可以有效地阻止位错的运动和亚晶界的迁移,从而产生良好的细晶强化、弥散强化和亚结构强化效果.
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