在聚丙烯腈基碳纤维原丝纺丝过程中，在热定型前使用不同浓度的油剂上油，得到不同上油率的PAN原丝；再经过相同的预氧化工艺得到不同上油率的预氧丝。采用SEM、XRD、同步热分析仪、纤维细度仪、纤维强伸度仪、阿基米德液体排代法等来研究上油率对PAN原丝的表面形貌及其在预氧化过程中的结构转变、热性能、力学性能和体密度等的影响。通过研究发现，合适的上油率可以在原丝表面形成一层均匀的油膜，原丝上油可以有效地降低纤维之间的静电作用，过高的上油率会使纤维变硬，纤维之间产生粘连，降低原丝的品质。随着上油率的增加，原丝的纤度略微增加，体密度减小，预氧丝的强度降低，体密度增大。油剂可以阻碍原丝在预氧化过程中的放热行为，缓和氧化反应和脱氢反应，促进芳构化反应，提高预氧化的程度。预氧化纤维的拉伸强度、体密度和芳构化指数存在着密切的联系，体密度和芳构化指数有着相同的变化规律，拉伸强度的变化趋势相反。
In the production of PAN precursor for carbon fiber,PAN precursor fiber costed with different oil content was prepared by finishing oil agent with different concentration before the heat setting.Pre-oxidation fi-ber was prepared by using the prepared PAN precursor fiber under the same pre-oxidation process.The surface morphologies,structural transformation,thermal property,mechanical property and bulk density of precursor and pre-oxidation fiber were studied by SEM,XRD,STA,fiber fineness instrument and fiber strength and e-longation instrument.The results show that an uniform oil film can be formed on precursor surface with a suit-able oil content.Electrostatic interaction between fibers was effectively prevent.High oil content would make the fiber to harden and adhesive,and reduce the quality of precursor.With the increase of oil content,the pre-cursor fiber fineness increases slightly,bulk density decreases,and the tensile strength of pre-oxidation fiber decreases,bulk density increases.Oil agent can hinder exothermic behavior of pre-oxidation,oxidation and de-hydrogenation reaction,promote the aromatization reaction and increase the degree of pre-oxidation.Pre-oxida-tion fiber tensile strength,bulk density and aromatization index has a close relation.Bulk density and aromati-zation index have the same change rule,but the change trend of the tensile strength was opposite.
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