纳米纯金属常呈现与大块金属不同的晶体结构,如Co和Fe在室温呈fcc结构.不同制备方法所得的纳米Fe-Ni,其α和γ相区均较大块的扩大,并呈现奥氏体的稳定化,但逆相变近似大块合金,文章对此作了解释.测得一定晶粒大小及一定成分的Fe-Ni冷却时马氏体相变的临界温度,显示纳米材料中会发生马氏体相变.Al-Cu薄膜中,Cu在晶界偏聚量大,在饱和浓度处形成非共格Al2Cu,并无过渡相,且脱溶温度(固溶线)比大块低85K.定性地讨论了晶界包括晶界偏聚和晶界扩散对无扩散型相变和扩散型相变的作用.提出一个纳米金属相变的热力学模型,和纳米材料马氏体形核能垒的计算,用以描述纳米晶晶粒大小对马氏体相变的影响.对纳米材料相变的续后研究作了展望.
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