以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为保护剂,用硼氢化钠还原氯金酸制备出金纳米颗粒,研究了还原剂和保护剂用量、反应温度及试剂加入顺序对金纳米颗粒粒径、形貌、分散性的影响.利用透射电子显微镜和紫外分光光度计对纳米金颗粒的形貌、分散性及尺寸进行表征.结果表明:采用硼氢化钠为还原剂时,硼氢化钠与氯金酸的摩尔比为3.75∶1,PVP与氯金酸的质量比为1∶1,反应温度为100℃并且在氯金酸和PVP的混合溶液中迅速加入硼氢化钠制备的金纳米颗粒均一、平均粒径在4.3nm、分散性好.同时研究了各个影响因素的作用方式并分析了原因.
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