气凝胶是一种低密度纳米多孔非晶态材料,具有连续无规则网络结构,其纳米尺度的颗粒及孔隙分布,使其具有很多独特的性质.利用溶胶-凝胶酸碱二步催化法和常压干燥法制备了结构完整的SiO2干凝胶.采用DTA-TG,XRD,SEM和IR等实验手段,对SiO2干凝胶在室温以及300,600,900,1200℃四个热处理温度下的组织结构进行了对比和分析.结果表明,粘性流造成干凝胶的烧结.热处理后,材料颗粒变大,孔隙缩小,材料发生收缩,并在高温下变得坚硬致密.
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