在硅酸钠和氢氧化钾电解液中利用微弧氧化方法,在2024铝合金上制备了陶瓷膜层.测定了膜层的厚度,考察了微弧氧化过程中放电参数及形成陶瓷膜速率的规律,用X射线衍射仪(XRD)观察分析了其成分及组成,对陶瓷膜的摩擦性能进行了研究,推断了在电极上发生的反应,对陶瓷膜的成膜机理进行了分析.结果表明,随着时间的进行,阴阳极电压逐步升高,开始时膜厚增加较快,以后逐渐变慢,膜层厚度随时间变化不是简单的线性关系.陶瓷膜内含有γ-Al2O3和α-Al2O3相,膜层内外两相含量差异较大,主要是由于冷却速率不同的原因.陶瓷层表面经历了一个熔融、凝固和冷却的过程.陶瓷层由内向外可以分为过渡层、致密层和疏松层,陶瓷膜与基体的结合非常牢固,属于冶金结合.溶液内的Si、K元素和基体内的合金元素Cu在陶瓷膜中都有存在,阴极成分Fe也存在于陶瓷膜中,放电通道中在高的能量密度下生成了Si-Al-O三重复杂化合物.
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