试验了在氯化钠存在下,Bi~(3+)以BiI_4~-络阴离子萃取到正丙醇相的最佳条件.结果表明,氯化钠能使正丙醇的水溶液分成两相,在分相过程中,Bi~(3+)与碘化钾生成的BiI~4_-与质子化正丙醇(C_3H_7OH_2~+)形成的缔合物[BiI_4~-][C_3H_7OH_2~+]能被正丙醇相完全萃取.当正丙醇、碘化钾和氯化钠的浓度分别为30%(V/V)、6.0×10~(-3) mol/L、0.2 g/mL时,Bi~(3+)的萃取率达到99.2%以上,Fe~(2+)、Co~(2+)、Ni~(2+)、Ag~+、Mn~(2+)、Cr~(3+)、Ce~(2+)、Zn~(2+)和Al~(3+)基本不被萃取,实现了Bi~(3+)与上述金属离子的分离,对合成水样和锌铋合金中Bi~(3+)的分离和测定,结果满意.
The optimum conditions were studied for the extraction of Bi~(3+) into n-propyl alcohol phases in the form of anionic complex BiI_4~- in the presence of sodium chioride. The results showed that t hen-propyl alcohol -water solution could be well divided into two phases by sodium chioride. The associ-ated [BiI_4~-][C_3H_7OH_2~+]formed with C_3H_7OH_2~+ and BiI4-(combined from Bi~(3+) and potassium io-dide) could be completely extracted during this process. Bi~(3+) could be quantiatively separated fr omFe~(2+) , Co~(2+) ,Ni~(2+), Ag~+,Mn~(2+) ,Cr~(3+) , Ce~(3+) , Zn~(2+) and AI~(3+) by extraction at the extraction rate of Bi~(3+)over 99. 2%, when the concentrations of n-propyl alcohol, potassium iodide and sodium chioride in so-lution are 30%(V/V), 6.0×10~(-3) mol/L and 0. 2 g/mL, respectively. This method was applied to the extraction separation and determination of bismuth in synthetic water and Zn-Bi alloy with satisfactory results.
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