Nabarro-Herring蠕变模型一直被认为是解释合金高温扩散蠕变的经典理论模型.然而,在20世纪末,Ruano等在分析当时几乎所有已知合金高温低应力条件下的蠕变试验数据后发现,按Nabarro-Herring扩散蠕变模型计算的蠕变速率数据与实验结果吻合度都很不理想,有的甚至相差1×103倍.研究认为,由于Nabarro-Herring扩散蠕变模型仅仅考虑了几乎不可能存在的空位扩散流,忽略了不均匀力化学势场导致的原子扩散流,因此在定量处理多晶材料的高温低应力蠕变数据时有很大偏差.在高温低应力条件下,由于位错、晶界等非平衡缺陷的存在,实际晶体材料中原子的力化学势并非处处相等,因此导致原子扩散流的产生,材料发生扩散蠕变.多晶材料高温低应力条件下的扩散蠕变可以认为是静水应力作用下的体积蠕变和非静水应力作用下的形状蠕变的叠加.本研究将重新审视Nabarro-Herring扩散蠕变模型的理论基础,初步建立能够合理解释多晶材料高温蠕变时晶界形成无沉淀区的定性模型,为有关问题的解决提供新的思路.
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