针对从简单铝盐(AlCl3,Al(NO3)3等)体系中制备化学品氧化铝易发生凝聚而导致颗粒分散性差的问题,提出利用柠檬酸作为铝的络合剂,并采用碳酸铝铵(AACH)作为中间体制备多孔氧化铝的方法.将柠檬酸铝溶液调节到一定pH值后,滴加到碳酸氢铵溶液中可以得到结晶良好的AACH固体,再通过简单焙烧后即可得高比表面积的多孔球型Al2O3产品.通过对原料碳酸氢铵和柠檬酸铝的物质的量之比β、反应体系pH值、反应温度及陈化时间对铝转化率α的影响的研究发现,在β=2,pH =9,室温25℃,陈化8d,有50％的柠檬酸铝转化为AACH.同时推测出,由于AACH的形成受柠檬酸,铝酸钠,碳酸氧铵三重络合-缓冲体系的限制,首先需要调节柠檬酸铝,其pH值大于9后缓慢释放出Al(OH)4-,Al(OH)4-再同碳酸氢铵反应易得到结晶良好的AACH晶体.TG-DTA热分析和XRD测试表明:300℃下AACH可完全分解为不定型氧化铝,700和1400℃下焙烧可分别得到γ-Al2O3,α-Al2O3.SEM和TEM测试表明,所得AACH粒径约为15 μm,并由大量长度为500 nm左右的纳米棒组成,700℃焙烧后得到形貌不变,含有大量孔径为1～5nm微孔、BET比表面积为235 m2·g -1的多孔氧化铝.
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