在直接甲醇燃料电池中,铂基材料是最常用的甲醇电化学氧化催化剂,而载体对催化剂颗粒的分散、活性以及耐久性有着显著的影响.所述文献中的载体材料被主要分为金属、过渡金属氧化物和导电聚合物载体3大类.虽然碳材料仍然占据着催化剂载体研究的中心位置,但这3类非碳载体已经显示出自身的一些优势.与碳材料相比,一些过渡金属氧化物和导电聚合物载体更加耐腐蚀、具有更好的物理和化学稳定性,就未来发展而言,过渡金属氧化物和导电聚合物载体尚需新的合成方法以进一步提高其比表面积,多孔和纳米结构化将是合成制备的一个目标.另外,与聚电解质复合的多孔结构已是导电聚合物载体发展的一个明显趋势,而金属-载体间强相互作用则可成为进行过渡金属氧化物载体研究和探索的一个指导.相对面言,金属载体的探索和研究发展较晚,其较为突出的一个优势是易于获得单层/亚单层的超低Pt载量,因可得益于现有的各种金属纳米结构制备方法金属载体研究将会有快速的发展.
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