以甲醇为溶剂, 硝酸镉和硫脲为原料, 通过溶剂热法合成了CdS中空纳米球, 采用TEM、EDS和XRD对样品形貌和结构进行了表征. TEM与EDS分析显示产物主要为洋葱状CdS中空纳米球, 外径为5～17nm, 空腔直径为3～14nm. XRD分析结果表明，CdS中空纳米球为六方纤锌矿结构. 并初步考察了醇类溶剂对形成CdS纳米结构的影响. 结果表明，当以无水乙醇或正戊醇为溶剂时，产物分别为CdS颗粒团簇或CdS纳米颗粒组装的微球，说明甲醇对中空结构的形成起了重要作用. 以甲醇作溶剂时, 中空纳米球的形成可能是CdS纳米片层高压下卷曲形成的.
CdS hollow nanospheres were synthesized via solvothermal route from cadmium nitrate and thiourea with methanol as medium. Morphology and structures of the as-obtained products were characterized by TEM, EDS and XRD. TEM and EDS analysis show that the products are mainly onion-like CdS hollow nanospheres, with external diameter of 5－17nm and hollow inner size of 3－14nm. XRD tests indicate that these hollow nanospheres exhibit hexagonal wurtzite structure. The function of alcohol solvent on the growth of CdS nanostructure is also studied preliminary. As absolute ethanol or 1-pentanol is employed as a substitute for solvent, the products are congeries of CdS nanoparticles and microspheres assembled by CdS nanoparticles, respectively. The results demonstrate that methanol plays a significant role in the formation of hollow structure. The formation of hollow nanospheres may be caused by curling of CdS nanoflakes under the high vapor pressure of methanol.
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