利用电液伺服高速试验机对DP780钢进行不同应变速率下的拉伸变形,结合SEM和TEM等手段,研究了应变速率对DP780钢拉伸性能及变形行为的影响规律及机制.结果表明,在较低应变速率(＜100 s-1)条件下,随应变速率增加,DP780钢的强度、塑性等力学性能均未见显著变化.当应变速率超过101 s-1后,DP780钢的强度和应变硬化指数n明显提高；塑性在3×101-5×102 s-1范围内出现大幅度增加的现象.高应变速率的变形过程中,铁素体基体中位错运动速度加快,导致“近程阻力”增大,使DP780钢的变形抗力随应变速率的增加而增大.在应变速率达到3×101 s-1之后,铁素体中可动位错数量的大幅度提高,是DP780钢均匀伸长率和断后伸长率在3×101-5×102 s-1范围内得以明显增加的主要原因.DP780钢中的铁素体/马氏体界面是塑性变形过程中位错塞积、微裂纹形核及扩展的主要位置,而随应变速率的增加,铁素体基体中的形变强化程度增大,可降低铁素体基体与铁素体/马氏体界面之间塑性应变能差异,延缓铁素体/马氏体界面处微裂纹的形成和扩展,一定程度上提高了DP780钢非均匀塑性变形能力.
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