开发了电势-热-力耦合有限元计算模型,该模型考虑了微合金低碳钢高温条件下的奥氏体γ和高温铁索体δ相变,建立了多相混合力学模型,描述了(δ+γ)两相混合区的力学行为.应用多场耦合计算模型对拉伸实验过程进行了数值模拟.实验及数值模拟结果表明,拉伸试样内存在较大径向及轴向温度梯度,该温度梯度导致试样内产生相体积分数的梯度分布,如高温铁素体相分数和液相分数的梯度分布,试样内产生非均匀变形,并且应力分布极不均匀.在进行实验钢高温力学本构方程的参数标定时,采用名义应力-应变的方法会导致较大误差,而基于数值模拟的方法则是十分有效及准确的,如本文所建立的数值模型.
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