用溶胶-凝胶(Sol-Gel)工艺制备纳米NiO粉体,研究了烧结温度对其结构和电化学性能的影响.结果表明,以醋酸镍、柠檬酸、乙二醇为原料通过酯化-络合过程合成的凝胶,在烧结过程中在430℃完全分解并逐渐形成NiO纳米晶;随着烧结温度的升高,纳米NiO粉体的结构趋于完善、品粒尺寸逐渐增大,其电化学循环性能逐渐提高;在600℃烧结2 h可得到平均粒径约为40 nm、呈球形的NiO纳米晶颗粒.NiO纳米晶的首次和第10次充放电比容量分别高达850 mAh/g和471 mAh/g,具有良好的容量保持率,明显优越于用固相法制备的NiO粉体.
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