利用差热(扫描)分析、X射线、透射电镜、振动样品磁强计研究了添加Co、Dy对Fe3B/Nd2Fe14B纳米复合永磁材料的微结构和性能的影响结果表明:添加适当的微量元素可以提高Nd4 5Fe77B18.5纳米复合永磁材料的内禀磁性,改进微结构,从而提高材料的永磁性能.在Nd4 5Fe77B8.5中添加1%～3%(原子分数)的Co、Dy明显地降低材料的晶化温度和最佳热处理温度、提高了2:14:1相的居里温度、改善了纳米复合永磁材料的微观结构,从而提高材料的永磁性能.与Nd4.5Fe77B18.5相比,Nd3.5Fe74Co3Dy1B18.5的永磁性能为:Br＝1.06 T,jHc＝328 kA/m,(BH)max＝108.9 kJ/m3,分别提高了26%,17%和104%.
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