FSM-16,MCM-41和SBA-15等具有高规则二维六角晶格的多孔硅可用不同硅源和表面活性剂合成,其孔径可达10,15或30 nm,可用具有不同烷基链长的表面活性剂和膨胀剂控制其结晶规则性随孔径的增大而降低.用层状硅土Kanemite制备的FSM-16和来自水玻璃的MCM-41,其表面阴离子度比用四甲氧基硅烷(TMOS)制备的SBA-15高得多.如将在等电点以下呈阴离子性的生物酶插入硅孔,则由于离子间的相互作用和氢键结合力,可得到结合得十分稳定的生物/无机陶瓷结合体.以此结合体作为有机酸化反应的催化剂,反应的活性很高.
FSM-16, MCM-41 and SBA-15 type hexagonal mesoporous silica materials of a highly regular arrange and 2-dimensional structure were synthesized by using different silicon sources and surfactants. In the 2-dimensional silicate framework, pore size can be controlled by the surfactants having different alkyl chains length and swelling agents (triisopropyl benzene). The pore-diameter of FSM-16 and MCM-41 can be expanded to 10 nm, SBA-15 to 15 nm. Crystal regularities decreased with the increase of the pore-diameter. In the FSM-16 derived from Kanemite (silicon source) and MCM-41 from water glass, its anionic characteristics on the pore-wall may be higher than that of SBA-15 derived from oligomeric tetramethoxysilane (TMOS). FSM-16 and MCM-41 have successfully been used as immobilizing agents of enzyme having cationic residues under isoelectric point. The level of adsorption of enzymes in the FSM-16 and MCM-41 was relatively high, but was low in the SBA-15 support. The mechanism of enzyme adsorption in mesopore was suggested to be the ionic interactions. In aqueous solutions, horseradish peroxidase (HRP). immobilized in FSM-16 containing 8.9 nm mesopore showed the highest loaded amounts (183 mg/mg FSM), then a FSM-16 of pore diameter 30 nm only loaded a litter amounts (28 mg/mg FSM) on the outside surface. The catalytic activity in organic solvent is high when HRP was immobilized in FSM-16 and MCM-41, but is low in case of SBA-15.
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