用FexSiy(Fe3Si,Fe5Si3,FeSi)熔体自发浸渗SiC粉体预制件制备出致密度高达96.5%的SiC/FexSiy复合材料.利用XRD、OM和SEM等对复合材料的相组成、显微结构和力学性能进行了分析和表征.研究发现,自发浸渗过程中SiC在FexSiy熔体中有溶解和析出,导致复合材料的相组成和显微结构发生变化.Fe3Si渗入后,复合材料中有碳析出,并生成Fe5Si3和FeSi两种新相;Fe5Si3和FeSi的渗入无碳析出,而是发生碳化硅烧结、粒子合并和晶粒长大;Fe5Si3熔体渗入超细碳化硅(0.5μm)粉体预制件后,生成大的碳化硅晶粒和碳化硅单晶.借助CHEMSAGE热力学数据库对1873 K时Fe-Si-C体系的平衡相图进行了定量分析,研究了SiC在FexSiy熔体中的稳定性;解释了铁的三种硅化物浸渗后,SiC颗粒形态的变化.通过对复合材料显微硬度、弯曲强度和可靠性(威布尔系数)的测试,分析了熔渗法SiC/FexSiy复合材料结构和性能的关系.
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