根据三维机织复合材料中纤维束排列和变形的周期性特点,推导了一种细观梁单元模型.该模型考虑了纤维束的拉(压)弯耦合效应和纤维束之间的相互作用,可以描述纤维束和基体中的细观应力分布,并得到宏观的力学性能.针对一种典型的三维机织复合材料,首先根据编织参数,确定其细观几何结构,取最小周期的一段纤维束作为分析胞元,用上述细观梁单元分析了该段纤维束在面内拉伸荷载下的细观应力分布,计算出平均模量, 并用材料试验和细观实体有限元对本模型进行了检验,结果与本文的预测吻合良好.研究表明,拉、弯耦合效应引起的纤维束中的细观弯曲应力同平均轴向应力相比,不可忽略.
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