通过原位溶液聚合制备了聚苯胺/碳纳米管(PANI/CNT)复合材料.采用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、紫外-可见光光谱(UV-VIS)、傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、热失重分析(TGA)及差示扫描量热法(DSC)研究了PANI/CNT复合材料的结构与性能.研究表明,苯胺(ANI)的聚合倾向于在碳纳米管(CNT)表面进行,形成PANI包覆的CNT.CNT表面PANI层的厚度随溶液中ANI含量的增加而增加;当溶液中ANI含量较低时,CNT表面PANI层厚度均匀;当ANI含量过高时,CNT表面PANI层厚度不均匀,形成一些颗粒状附着物.PANI与CNT之间主要是物理吸附;PANI/CNT复合材料的电导率远高于PANI本身.同时,PANI/CNT复合材料的耐热性远高于PANI,并受PANI含量影响.
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