采用溶胶-凝胶法,以尺寸约10nm的Fe3O4纳米粒子为种子,碱催化正硅酸已酯(TEOS)水解、缩合,制备了磁性可控的核壳结构SiO2/Fe3O4复合纳米粒子.系统研究了醇水比、NH4OH及TEOS的浓度对复合纳米粒子形貌和性能的影响,并分析了SiO2/Fe3O4复合纳米粒子的生成机理.结果表明,SiO2的生长主要是SiO2初级粒子在Fe3O4表面的聚集生长,醇水比为4∶1、NH4OH浓度为0.3mol/L和TEOS浓度低于0.02mol/L时,随TEOS浓度的增大,SiO2壳层增厚,复合粒子饱和磁化强度下降,矫顽力基本不变,仍具有良好的超顺磁性.
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