外加应力使贝氏体相变形核率增大,等温孕育期缩短,即使所加应力远低于母相的屈服强度.由于钢中γ→α+γ'的形核驱动力较大(约为kJ/mol数量级),贝氏体相变的膨胀应变能很小,过小的外加应力对形核率的影响甚微.考虑在外加应力的影响下,会使界面能量有所下降,也可能发生碳原子的再分布,偏聚在晶界或其它缺陷,甚至碳化物析出都会显著地增大形核率和缩短孕育期,有侍进一步实验给予证明无应力下,贝氏体相变动力学可以用Avrami的等温相变方程来表述;应力下则符合应力下铁索体及珠光体相变的动力学模型(经修改的Avrami方程).形变奥氏体促发贝氏体相变,但随后会发生奥氏体的力学稳定化,其机制可能和马氏体相变时的奥氏体力学稳定化不完全相同,仅形变形成的位错阻碍贝氏体以一定位向长大,使相变动力学迟缓.贝氏体相变时奥氏体力学稳定化的模型有待建立.
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