采用静电纺丝技术,借助高挥发溶剂的制孔性,通过调控二醋酸溶液的浓度,制备了串珠状、条带状和圆柱状的多孔二醋酸超细纤维.通过扫描电镜观察纤维形貌,通过电导率仪测试纺丝液电导率,运用黏度计测试纺丝液黏度,利用滤料综合性能测试台测试纤维形貌、纺丝时间及空气流量对复合滤料过滤性能的影响.实验结果表明,随溶液浓度增加,多孔纤维形貌可由“串珠状”过渡到“条带状”最终变为“圆柱状”,条带状纤维和圆柱状纤维有利于提高纤维的过滤效率,而串珠状纤维有利于降低复合滤料的过滤阻力;随着纺丝时间的延长,复合滤料的过滤效率和过滤阻力均呈增大趋势;随着空气流量的增加,复合滤料过滤效率略有降低,而其过滤阻力增加明显.
Cellulose acetate porous ultrafine fibers were produced from highly volatile solvent system by electrospinning.Three types of porous cellulose acetate fibers,including particle-like fibers,ribbon-like fibers and cylindrical fibers,were prepared by changing the concentration of solvent.The fiber surface morphology was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM),the conductivity of the cellulose acetate solutions was measured by conductivity meter,the viscosity of the solutions was measured by viscometer.A test-board was employed to investigate the effects of fiber morphology,spinning time and air flow on the filtration performance of composite filter materials.The results show that with increase of the cellulose acetate concentration,the morphologies of porous fibers change to "particle-like fibers","ribbon-like fibers" and "cylindrical fibers",respectivdy."Ribbon-like fibers" and "cylindrical fibers" were beneficial to the filtration efficiency of composite filter materials,the "particle-like fibers" were beneficial to decrease the filtration resistance.As increase of the spinning time,the filtration efficiency and the filtration resistance all increase.With increase of the air flow,the filtration efficiency of composite filter materials decreases slightly,while the filtration resistance increases obviously.
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