通过Comsol软件，利用有限元分析方法，建立了干燥情况下以及棒电极凝露、形成水膜、凝结出水滴、间隙间有雾霾等情况下的棒-板短间隙模型，分析了棒-板短间隙在不同环境下的场强分布。结果表明：棒-板短间隙之间含有单颗雾滴时，场强发生了明显畸变；棒电极末端凝露时棒-板短间隙的电场分布相较于纯空气间隙下的电场分布没有出现太大的变化，电场最大值仅升高了约5%；棒电极末端形成水膜时的击穿电压也没有出现太大变化；棒电极末端有水滴时棒-板短间隙的击穿电压发生明显改变，畸变率达到30%；霾颗粒也容易使间隙中的场强发生畸变。
The rod-plate models under dry air, with condensation, water film, water drop on the rod end, and with haze in the gap were established, and the electric field intensity distribution of the gap between rod-plate models under different environment condition was analyzed using the FEM method via Comsol software. The results indicate that when there is single fog drop in the gap between rod-plate model, the field intensity of gap distorts obviously. When the end of rod is condensation, the electric field distribu-tion of gap do not change a lot compared with under dry air, which increases by 5% only. When the end of rod forms water film, the breakdown voltage of the gap between rod-plate model changes obviously, and the distortion rate reaches about 30%. The haze particles in the gap also can distort the electric field intensity distribution of the gap between rod-plate model.
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