研究了一种从某种稀土光学玻璃中回收稀土和铌、锆的湿法工艺.此工艺首先采用盐酸酸浸出稀土,然后加入一定量的碱保持微沸30 min,过滤后得到稀土滤液和铌锆的水解固体.研究了影响稀土浸出的条件,盐酸浓度、温度、浸出时间、液固比和搅拌速率,通过酸浸正交实验得出了这些影响因素的优组合,在优组合的条件下,Y、La、Gd的浸取率分别为100.00％、99.98％、99.96％;盐酸滤液经草酸沉淀、过滤、洗涤、灼烧获得稀土混合氧化物纯度为99.80％,总回收率高达99.6％.水解获得的铌、锆混合物经过草酸溶解、加Na2 CO3沉淀铌,使铌、锆得到了分离;铌、锆的回收率分别到达91.68％、99.47％.
A hydrometallurgical process was performed to recover rare earth elements,niobium and zirconium from a waste optical glass.In this process the hydrochloric acid leaching method was used to extract rare earths.After adding alkali to leaching solution,slightly boiling 30min,we could get the rare earth filtrate and hydrolysis solid of zirconium and niobium.Leaching rate of rare earth was affected by hydrochloric acid concentration,temperature,leaching time,liquid-solid ratio and stirring rate.The optimal lixiviated condition was obtained in the experiment.Under the optimal combination,the leaching rate of Y,La and Gd was 100.00％,99.98％ and 99.96％,respectively.The rare earth filtrate was precipitated,filtered,washed and calcined,and then rare earth oxide was obtained.Niobium and zirconium hydrolysis mixture was dissolved by H2C2O4.In order to separate zirconium and niobium we had added Na2CO3 to precipitate niobium.The total recovery was 99.6％,89.95％ and 99.47％,respectively for rare earth,zirconium and niobium.
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